Phase composition of earthquake-resistant bricks fired at various temperatures based on inter-shale clay and aluminium-containing slag from the production of metallic chromium

Abstract

Most low-melting (brick-tile) clays in the Russian Federation are classified as semi-acidic and acidic, and not baked with a high content of coloring oxides (Fe₂O₃ > 3 %) and a low content of aluminum oxide (12‒15 %). With such a content of aluminum oxide in clay components, it is impossible to get bricks of M150 or more grades from them. For the construction of load-bearing walls of the lower floors of high-rise buildings (10 floors or more), ceramic bricks of the M150‒M300 grades are required. In this work, a ceramic earthquake-resistant brick was obtained based on waste oil shale-inter-shale clay used as a clay component and aluminum-containing slag from the production of metal chromium, used as a thinning agent without the use of natural traditional raw materials. Earthquake-resistant bricks fired in the temperature range of 1050‒1100 ^oС had a grade of M150‒М175. Studies of the phase composition of ceramic bricks showed that at a temperature of 1100 ^oС in had a grade of M150‒М175. Studies of the phase composition of ceramic bricks have shown that at a temperature of 1100 oС, mullite is formed in the samples.